KIP-266 — Fix consumer indefinite blocking behavior

Accepted Kafka 2.0 Consumer

Introduces a default.api.timeout.ms config for KafkaConsumer and adds Duration-typed overloads to blocking APIs (poll, commitSync, partitionsFor, etc.), replacing the previous indefinite-blocking behavior. Consumer APIs like partitionsFor() and commitSync() with no timeout argument could block indefinitely, causing application threads to hang permanently on broker connectivity issues.

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